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   Resource acquisition depends on the plant's architecture, resulting from its development and growth, on the availability of resources in the environment, and on the processes involved in resource absorption sensu stricto (mineral absorption, photosynthesis, etc.). The multiple constraints, both abiotic and biotic, will modify the availability of resources, alter processes (photosynthesis, etc.) or directly affect organs (destruction of leaves, attack on fruit, etc.). The objective of reducing inputs and ecological intensification, with the increase in cultivated biodiversity, generates increased competition for resources and increases the heterogeneity of their distribution in the environment.

   Existing work highlights the great plasticity of development (organ emergence, floral initiation) and organ growth (in dry mass and size) in relation to endogenous availability of resources, particularly the plant's water and carbon status (Rahmati et al., 2015, 2018; Zhu et al., 2019). Current projects are based on an analytical and integrative modelling approach via the explicitation of the processes of development, growth, acquisition and transfer of resources (Baldazzi et al., 2013; Simon et al., 2022). The analysis of plant functioning under the effect of water deficit will be continued in the framework of projects (Irriwell, Quamisol) and a COST Action (FruitCREWS). Within the framework of dynamic agrivoltaics, studies will also continue (PIA SunAgri'3 project) to better understand the effect of shading on the physiological fall of fruit and its impact on production (Juillion et al., 2022). The modelling framework must allow both the integration of the multiplicity of processes affected and in silico experimentation, in search of the best strategies (irrigation, shading, etc.). The coupling of models with the characterisation of the environment (sensors) and the plant (proxidetection) should also allow the development of decision support tools in the context of digital agriculture in order to optimise the management of a set of practices.

Publications :

Baldazzi, V., Pinet, A., Vercambre, G., Bénard, C., Biais, B., Génard, M. (2013). In-silico analysis of water and carbon relations under stress conditions. a multi-scale perspective centered on fruit. Frontiers in Plant Science, 4. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2013.00495

Juillion, P, Lopez, G., Fumey, D., Lesniak, V., Génard, M., Vercambre, G. (2022) Shading apple trees with an agrivoltaic system: Impact on water relations, leaf morphophysiological characteristics and yield determinants. Scientia Horticulturae, 306, 15 December 2022, 111434 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2022.111434

Rahmati, M., Miras Avalos, J. M., Valsesia, P., Lescourret, F., Genard, M., Davarynejad, G. H., Bannayan, M., Azizi, M., Vercambre, G. (2018). Disentangling the Effects of Water Stress on Carbon Acquisition, Vegetative Growth, and Fruit Quality of Peach Trees by Means of the QualiTree Model. Frontiers in Plant Science, 9, 1-16. , https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.00003.

Rahmati M., Davarynejad G. H., Génard M., Bannayan M., Azizi M., Vercambre G. (2015). Peach water relations, gas exchange, growth and shoot mortality under water deficit in semi-arid weather conditions. PLoS ONE, 10 (4), https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0120246

Simon, J., Baptiste, C., Lartaud, M., Verdeil, J.L., Brunel, B., Vercambre, G., Génard, M., Cardoso, M., Alibert, E., Goze-Bac, C., Bertin, N. (2022) Pedicel anatomy and histology in tomato vary according to genotype and water-deficit environment, affecting fruit mass. Plant Science, 321, 111313, https:// doi: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111313

Zhu, J., Génard, M., Poni, S., Gambetta, G.A., Vivin, P., Vercambre, G., Trought, M.C.T., Ollat, N., Delrot, S., Dai, Z. (2018) Modelling grape growth in relation to whole-plant carbon and water fluxes. J. Exp. Bot, https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ery367.

Resources and Partnership :

Projects : SunAgri’3 (PIA Ademe), Irriwell (PRIMA H2020), CANOP (ANR 2022-2025), Quamisol (INRAE MP Syalsa 2023-2025)

Thesis : N. Savalle-Gloire (2020-2023), Yan Zhao (2022-2026)

Post-doc: projet Irriwell (2023, 18 mois)

Collaborations : CSIC (Spain), UMR EMMAH, CNRS BioNanoNMRI, ONERA OTA^[1], station expérimentale de La Pugère

[1] ONERA : Office national d'études et de recherches aérospatiales, OTA : Optique et Techniques Avancées